Jimmy Smith, Jackie McLean, Kenny Drew, Stanley Turrentine, Freddie Redd, Lou Donaldson, Kenny Burrell, Wayne Shorter, Blue Mitchell, Herbie Hancock, Lee Morgan, Duke Pearson, McCoy Tyner ...
Jimmy Smith, Jackie McLean, Kenny Drew, Stanley Turrentine, Freddie Redd, Lou Donaldson, Kenny Burrell, Wayne Shorter, Blue Mitchell, Herbie Hancock, Lee Morgan, Duke Pearson, McCoy Tyner ...
A supergroup of up-and-coming jazz musicians on the Vee Jay label in 1960. Recorded one self-titled LP.
Review
by Michael G. Nastos
Irvin Shaw wrote the novel The Young Lions from which this all star post-to-hard bop all-star band took their name, launching the moniker of a generation of Wynton Marsalis-led followers in the '80s. Wayne Shorter on tenor sax, Frank Strozier on alto sax, Lee Morgan on trumpet, Bobby Timmons on piano, Bob Cranshaw on bass, and either Louis Hayes or Albert "Tootie" Heath (sic as "Tuttie") on drums comprise the original Lions, a one-shot band who set the standard for the Blue Note-Riverside-based players who would follow in their path. There's a true democratic, shared value and responsibility evident in every sonic phase of this recording, but it is Shorter who wrote all the material. His "Seeds of Sin" is a sweet, swinging shuffle full of original harmonic thought. "Scourin'" (sic as "Scourn'") displays a head-nodding swing inspired by quarter-note walking bass courtesy of the unflappable Cranshaw, and wondrous sax-trumpet unity. Timmons' huge, funky piano chords lead to all three horns strutting joyously in melodic agreement during "Fat Lady"; the solos perfectly display the individualism of Shorter's piquant tenor, Morgan's brash trumpet, and Strozier's slightly strained alto before a brief trading of fours with the unidentified drummer. Shorter's tenor is up front, with Morgan on the second melody and Strozier following along for the tightly structured "Peaches & Cream," which is not a team effort until the very last note. Over 11 ½ minutes, "That's Right" proffers an easy, bluesy 12-bar swing in a jam vehicle, with Timmons as pied piper, the horns shouting out in unison, chord punctuations from the pianist, and doo wop accents for the solos. Morgan uses a mute, and Shorter's tenor is fluid as a country stream. There are three alternate takes: A fourth try of "Seeds" is five seconds longer and not only sweet, but a little sour; on a third rendition of "Scourin'," the 35-second bass intro is omitted as Shorter's tenor digs right in and less unison is evident; and with an extra 24 seconds, the third taping of "Fat Lady" only differs in solo content. This is a classic, and one every modern jazz fan should have. The liner notes, written by Cannonball Adderley, are also priceless; they discuss the "glorification of mediocrity," a rip on Dick Clark, country-pop, comformity, and railing against modern jazz naysayers. The notes also include other poignant observations that still ring true today. Interesting reading, ultimately interesting music.
https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-young-lions-mw0000096268
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Un supergrupo de músicos de jazz prometedores en el sello Vee Jay en 1960. Grabaron un LP homónimo título.
Reseña
por Michael G. Nastos
Irvin Shaw escribió la novela The Young Lions de la que tomó su nombre esta banda de estrellas post-hard bop, que lanzó el nombre de una generación de seguidores liderados por Wynton Marsalis en los años 80. Wayne Shorter (saxo tenor), Frank Strozier (saxo alto), Lee Morgan (trompeta), Bobby Timmons (piano), Bob Cranshaw (bajo) y Louis Hayes o Albert "Tootie" Heath (sic como "Tuttie") (batería) componen los Lions originales, una banda única que marcó la pauta para los músicos de Blue Note-Riverside que seguirían su camino. Hay un verdadero valor democrático y compartido y una responsabilidad evidente en cada fase sonora de esta grabación, pero es Shorter quien escribió todo el material. Su "Seeds of Sin" es un shuffle dulce y oscilante lleno de pensamiento armónico original. "Scourin'" (sic como "Scourn'") muestra un swing de cabeza inspirado en el bajo ambulante de un cuarto de nota, cortesía del imperturbable Cranshaw, y una maravillosa unidad de saxo y trompeta. Los enormes y funky acordes del piano de Timmons llevan a las tres trompas a pavonearse alegremente en acuerdo melódico durante "Fat Lady"; los solos muestran perfectamente el individualismo del picante tenor de Shorter, la impetuosa trompeta de Morgan y el alto ligeramente tenso de Strozier antes de un breve intercambio de cuatros con el batería no identificado. El tenor de Shorter está al frente, con Morgan en la segunda melodía y Strozier siguiéndole para la estrechamente estructurada "Peaches & Cream", que no es un esfuerzo de equipo hasta la última nota. A lo largo de 11 ½ minutos, "That's Right" ofrece un swing fácil y bluesero de 12 compases en un vehículo de mermelada, con Timmons como flautista de Hamelín, los cuernos gritando al unísono, puntuaciones de acordes del pianista y acentos doo wop para los solos. Morgan utiliza una sordina, y el tenor de Shorter es fluido como un arroyo campestre. Hay tres tomas alternativas: Un cuarto intento de "Seeds" es cinco segundos más largo y no sólo dulce, sino un poco agrio; en una tercera interpretación de "Scourin'", se omite la introducción del bajo de 35 segundos, ya que el tenor de Shorter se mete de lleno y es menos evidente el unísono; y con 24 segundos extra, la tercera grabación de "Fat Lady" sólo difiere en el contenido del solo. Se trata de un clásico que todo aficionado al jazz moderno debería tener. Las notas del disco, escritas por Cannonball Adderley, también son impagables; hablan de la "glorificación de la mediocridad", de una crítica a Dick Clark, del country-pop, del conformismo y de la crítica a los detractores del jazz moderno. Las notas también incluyen otras observaciones conmovedoras que siguen siendo válidas hoy en día. Una lectura interesante y, en definitiva, una música interesante.
https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-young-lions-mw0000096268
Review
by Stephen Thomas Erlewine
Tina Brooks' first session for Blue Note was recorded in March of 1958, a month after he appeared on Jimmy Smith's sessions for The Sermon and House Party, but the music wasn't released at the time. The sessions remained unreleased for years, eventually appearing as Minor Move in Japan during the '80s. Listening to Minor Move, it's hard to see why the record was shelved. Not only does it feature Brooks in robust form, but he's supported by pianist Sonny Clark, trumpeter Lee Morgan, bassist Doug Watkins, and drummer Art Blakey -- a first-rate lineup if there ever was one. Stylistically, the music here is no great surprise -- it's straight-ahead, driving hard bop -- but the performances are exceptional. Brooks has no problem keeping up with Morgan and Clark, who both have more than their fair share of fine moments here. He has a rich, full-bodied tone and clever phrasing, keeping the music fresh on standards like "The Way You Look Tonight" and "Everything Happens to Me." His original compositions "Nutville" and "Minor Move" are equally impressive, offering the entire band opportunities to stretch out and improvise vigorously. It is true that Minor Move is right within the hard bop tradition, but fans of that style will find much to treasure here.
https://www.allmusic.com/album/minor-move-mw0000052711?1661890296915
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Reseña
por Stephen Thomas Erlewine
La primera sesión de Tina Brooks para Blue Note se grabó en marzo de 1958, un mes después de que apareciera en las sesiones de Jimmy Smith para The Sermon y House Party, pero la música no se publicó en ese momento. Las sesiones permanecieron inéditas durante años, apareciendo finalmente como Minor Move en Japón durante los años 80. Al escuchar Minor Move, es difícil entender por qué se archivó el disco. No sólo presenta a Brooks en una forma robusta, sino que está apoyado por el pianista Sonny Clark, el trompetista Lee Morgan, el bajista Doug Watkins y el baterista Art Blakey - una alineación de primera clase si alguna vez hubo una. Estilísticamente, la música aquí no es una gran sorpresa - es un hard bop directo y contundente - pero las interpretaciones son excepcionales. Brooks no tiene problemas para seguir el ritmo de Morgan y Clark, que tienen más que su parte de buenos momentos aquí. Tiene un tono rico y completo y un fraseo inteligente, manteniendo la música fresca en estándares como "The Way You Look Tonight" y "Everything Happens to Me". Sus composiciones originales "Nutville" y "Minor Move" son igualmente impresionantes, ofreciendo a toda la banda oportunidades para estirarse e improvisar vigorosamente. Es cierto que Minor Move se inscribe en la tradición del hard bop, pero los fans de ese estilo encontrarán aquí mucho que atesorar.
https://www.allmusic.com/album/minor-move-mw0000052711?1661890296915
Biography by Steve Huey
One
of the Blue Note label's definitive hard bop artists, tenor saxophonist
Hank Mobley remains somewhat underappreciated for his straightforward,
swinging style. Any characterization of Mobley invariably begins with
critic Leonard Feather's assertion that he was the "middleweight
champion of the tenor saxophone," meaning that his tone wasn't as
aggressive and thick as John Coltrane or Sonny Rollins, but neither was
it as soft and cool as Stan Getz or Lester Young. Instead, Mobley's
in-between, "round" (as he described it) sound was controlled and even,
given over to subtlety rather than intense displays of emotion. Even if
he lacked the galvanizing, mercurial qualities of the era's great tenor
innovators, Mobley remained consistently solid throughout most of his
recording career. His solo lines were full of intricate rhythmic
patterns that were delivered with spot-on precision, and he was no
slouch harmonically either. As a charter member of Horace Silver's Jazz
Messengers, Mobley helped inaugurate the hard bop movement: jazz that
balanced sophistication and soulfulness, complexity and earthy swing,
and whose loose structure allowed for extended improvisations. As a solo
artist, he began recording for Blue Note in the latter half of the
'50s, and hit his peak in the first half of the '60s with hard bop
cornerstones like Soul Station, No Room for Squares, and A Caddy for
Daddy.
Henry "Hank" Mobley was born on July 7, 1930, in Eastman,
GA, and grew up mostly in Elizabeth, NJ. Several family members played
piano and/or church organ, and Mobley himself learned piano as a child.
He switched to the saxophone at age 16, initially modeling his style on
players like Lester Young, Charlie Parker, Dexter Gordon, Don Byas, and
Sonny Stitt. He soon started playing professionally in the area, and
built enough of a reputation that trumpeter Clifford Brown recommended
him for a job without having heard him play. That job was with Paul
Gayten's Newark-based R&B band, which he joined in 1949, doubling as
a composer. He departed in 1951 and joined the house band at a Newark
nightclub, where he played with pianist Walter Davis, Jr. and backed
some of the era's top jazz stars. That led to a job with Max Roach, who
hired both Mobley and Davis after performing with them; they all
recorded together in early 1953, at one of the earliest sessions to
feature Roach as a leader. Meanwhile, Mobley continued to gig around his
home area, playing with the likes of Milt Jackson, Tadd Dameron, and
J.J. Johnson, among others; he also served two weeks in Duke Ellington's
orchestra in 1953.
Mobley spent much of 1954 performing and
recording with Dizzy Gillespie. He left in September to join pianist
Horace Silver's group, which evolved into a quintet co-led by Art Blakey
and dubbed the Jazz Messengers. Their groundbreaking first album for
Blue Note, 1955's Horace Silver and the Jazz Messengers, was a landmark
in the genesis of hard bop, with its sophisticated solos and bright,
almost funky rhythms. Mobley led his first session for Blue Note, The
Hank Mobley Quartet, in 1955, and recorded for Savoy and Prestige during
1956. In the middle of that year, the original lineup of the Jazz
Messengers split, with Blakey keeping the name and Silver forming a new
group. Mobley stayed with Silver until 1957, by which time he had begun
to record prolifically as a leader for Blue Note, completing eight
albums' worth of material over the next 16 months. Some of his best
work, such as Hank Mobley and His All Stars and The Hank Mobley Quintet,
was cut with a selection of old Messengers mates. Not all of his
sessions were released at the time, but some began to appear as import
reissues in the '80s. Often composing his own material, Mobley was
beginning to truly hit his stride with 1958's Peckin' Time, when a
worsening drug problem resulted in an arrest that took him off the scene
for a year.
Upon returning to music in 1959, Mobley oriented
himself by rejoining Art Blakey in the Jazz Messengers for a short
period. His comeback session as a leader was 1960's classic Soul
Station, near-universally acknowledged as his greatest recorded moment.
Mobley cut two more high-quality hard bop albums, Roll Call and Workout,
over 1960-1961, as well as some other sessions that went unreleased at
the time. In 1961, Mobley caught what looked to be a major break when he
was hired to replace John Coltrane in Miles Davis' quintet.
Unfortunately, the association was a stormy one; Mobley came under heavy
criticism from the bandleader, and wound up leaving in 1962. He
returned to solo recording with 1963's No Room for Squares, often tabbed
as one of his best efforts, before drug and legal problems again put
him out of commission during 1964. Energized and focused upon his
return, Mobley recorded extensively during 1965, showcasing a slightly
harder-edged tone and an acumen for tricky, modal-flavored originals
that challenged his sidemen. At the same time, Dippin' found a funkier
soul-jazz sound starting to creep into his work, an approach that
reached its apex on the infectious A Caddy for Daddy later that year.
Mobley
recorded steadily for Blue Note through the '60s, offering slight
variations on his approach, and continued to appear as a sideman on a
generous number of the label's other releases (especially frequent
collaborator Lee Morgan). 1966's A Slice of the Top found Mobley
fronting a slightly larger band arranged by Duke Pearson, though it went
unissued until 1979. After cutting the straightforward Third Season in
1967, Mobley embarked on a brief tour of Europe, where he performed with
Slide Hampton. He returned to the U.S. to record the straight-ahead Far
Away Lands and Hi Voltage that year, and tried his hand at commercially
oriented jazz-funk on 1968's Reach Out. Afterward, he took Hampton's
advice and returned to Europe, where he would remain for the next two
years. 1969's The Flip was recorded in Paris, and Mobley returned to the
States to lead his final session for Blue Note, Thinking of Home, in
1970 (it wasn't released until ten years later). He subsequently co-led a
group with pianist Cedar Walton, which recorded the excellent
Breakthrough in 1972.
Sadly, that would prove to be Mobley's last
major effort. Health problems forced him to retire in 1975, when he
settled in Philadelphia. He was barely able to even play his horn for
fear of rupturing a lung; by the dawn of the '80s, he was essentially an
invalid. In 1986, he mustered up the energy to work on a limited basis
with Duke Jordan; however, he died of pneumonia not long after, on May
30, 1986. During Mobley's heyday, most critics tended to compare him
unfavorably to Sonny Rollins, or dismiss him for not being the innovator
that Coltrane was. However, in the years that followed Mobley's death,
Blue Note hard bop enjoyed a positive reappraisal; with it came a new
appreciation for Mobley's highly developed talents as a composer and
soloist, instead of a focus on his shortcomings.
https://www.allmusic.com/artist/hank-mobley-mn0000951384#biography
///////
Review by Richard S. Ginell
Curious
listeners who encounter Lee Morgan for the first time through this
single-disc anthology will come away mightily impressed, even inspired,
but they will be hearing only the first part of the story. The album
picks up on his teenage whiz kid days circa 1957, then jumps ahead to
his renaissance in 1963-1965 as the high priest of hard bop boogaloo.
Besides showcasing Morgan's brash, crackling, infinitely expressive
trumpet playing, the album does a good job of emphasizing his abundant,
still-underrated gifts as a composer -- with "The Sidewinder," of
course, but also the strikingly lovely bossa nova "Ceora" and the near
standard "Speedball." With its three bonus tracks, "I Remember
Clifford," "Cornbread," and especially "Mr. Kenyatta," the CD version
adds compelling corroborating evidence of Morgan's originality. The
major hang-up, alas, is that the album cuts off the time line at 1965,
thus leaving out Morgan's gradual move away from boilerplate hard bop
toward modal, progressive explorations that reached an exciting peak on
1970's Live at the Lighthouse. The selections included here will no
doubt satisfy those who would want to keep this tremendous talent locked
into a single airtight box -- and frankly, it would be difficult to
dispute any of the choices on their own terms. But the rest of Morgan's
tragically aborted evolution deserves representation on a set like this.
https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-best-of-lee-morgan-mw0000198488
/////////
Reseña de Richard S. Ginell
Los
oyentes curiosos que se encuentren con Lee Morgan por primera vez a
través de esta antología de un solo disco saldrán muy impresionados,
incluso inspirados, pero sólo escucharán la primera parte de la
historia. El álbum se remonta a sus días de adolescente alrededor de
1957, y luego salta a su renacimiento en 1963-1965 como sumo sacerdote
del hard bop boogaloo. Además de mostrar el descarado, crepitante e
infinitamente expresivo toque de trompeta de Morgan, el álbum hace un
buen trabajo al enfatizar sus abundantes y aún subestimadas dotes como
compositor - con "The Sidewinder", por supuesto, pero también la
sorprendentemente encantadora bossa nova "Ceora" y el casi estándar
"Speedball". Con sus tres temas extra, "I Remember Clifford",
"Cornbread" y, sobre todo, "Mr. Kenyatta", la versión en CD añade
pruebas convincentes que corroboran la originalidad de Morgan. El mayor
problema, por desgracia, es que el álbum corta la línea de tiempo en
1965, dejando de lado el gradual alejamiento de Morgan del hard bop
caldera hacia exploraciones modales y progresivas que alcanzaron un
emocionante pico en el Live at the Lighthouse de 1970. Las selecciones
incluidas aquí sin duda satisfarán a aquellos que quieran mantener este
tremendo talento encerrado en una sola caja hermética - y francamente,
sería difícil discutir cualquiera de las opciones en sus propios
términos. Pero el resto de la evolución trágicamente abortada de Morgan
merece ser representada en un conjunto como éste.
https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-best-of-lee-morgan-mw0000198488
Review
by Scott Yanow
Lee
Morgan was the leading trumpeter in hard bop during the 1960s and he
recorded quite a few classic albums for Blue Note. This is one of them.
The CD reissue (which adds an alternate take of the title cut to the
original five-song program) features Morgan at his best, whether playing
his memorable blues "Speed Ball," an explorative ballad version of "You
Go to My Head," a lengthy "The Gigolo," or his other two originals
("Yes I Can, No You Can't" and "Trapped"). There are no weak selections
on this set and the playing by the leader, Wayne Shorter on tenor,
pianist Harold Mabern, bassist Bob Cranshaw, and drummer Billy Higgins
is beyond any serious criticism.
https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-gigolo-mw0000203611
///////
Reseña
por Scott Yanow
Lee
Morgan fue el trompetista más destacado del hard bop durante la década
de 1960 y grabó bastantes álbumes clásicos para Blue Note. Éste es uno
de ellos. La reedición en CD (que añade una toma alternativa del corte
del título al programa original de cinco canciones) presenta a Morgan en
su mejor momento, ya sea tocando su memorable blues "Speed Ball", una
versión de balada exploratoria de "You Go to My Head", una larga "The
Gigolo", o sus otros dos originales ("Yes I Can, No You Can't" y
"Trapped"). No hay selecciones flojas en este conjunto y la
interpretación del líder, Wayne Shorter al tenor, el pianista Harold
Mabern, el bajista Bob Cranshaw y el batería Billy Higgins está más allá
de cualquier crítica seria.
https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-gigolo-mw0000203611
Review from AllMusic:
While this isn't the only Wayne Shorter Blue Note collection, it is the best. The Best of Wayne Shorter, which was released in 1998 within a series of other Blue Note best-ofs that were coming out at the time, is adequate, but with only one disc it's hard to cover any ground with a guy who's recorded around a dozen top-notch records as a leader for Blue Note, and then appeared on scores of others — and that's where this collection wins. The second disc consists of appearances he made alongside such greats as Art Blakey, Lee Morgan, and Freddie Hubbard. Perhaps a Blue Note Wayne Shorter box set is in order? At any rate, "Speak No Evil," "Footprints," "Witch Hunt," and "Nefertiti" prove to highlight Wayne Shorter's astounding career and in turn show off jazz composition in general — as Shorter stands as one of the genre's best songwriters. Recommended as a springboard into the full-length discs these tracks are culled from, The Classic Blue Note Recordings of Wayne Shorter hits the mark.
https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-classic-blue-note-recordings-mw0000662588
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Reseña de AllMusic:
Si bien esta no es la única compilación de Blue Note de Wayne Shorter, sí es la mejor. The Best of Wayne Shorter, publicada en 1998 dentro de una serie de recopilaciones de Blue Note que salían por entonces, es adecuada, pero con un solo disco es difícil cubrir el terreno de un artista que grabó alrededor de una docena de discos de primera categoría como líder para Blue Note, y apareció en decenas más — y ahí es donde esta colección gana. El segundo disco consiste en sus apariciones junto a grandes como Art Blakey, Lee Morgan y Freddie Hubbard. ¿Quizás un box set de Wayne Shorter para Blue Note sea lo que se necesita? En cualquier caso, "Speak No Evil", "Footprints", "Witch Hunt" y "Nefertiti" destacan la asombrosa carrera de Wayne Shorter y a su vez exhiben la composición en el jazz en general — ya que Shorter es uno de los mejores compositores del género. Recomendada como trampolín hacia los discos completos de los que se toman estos temas, The Classic Blue Note Recordings da en el blanco.
https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-classic-blue-note-recordings-mw0000662588
Reissue.
Features the high-fidelity SHM-CD format (compatible with standard CD
player) and the latest 24bit 192kHz remastering. A rare and beautiful
Andrew Hill session, and one of the classic Blue Note entries into the
"jazz and voices" sound that the label pioneered with Donald Byrd and
Eddie Gale. Hill leads a core jazz group that includes Woody Shaw on
trumpet, Carlos Garnett on tenor, Richard Davis on bass, and Freddie
Waits on drums – and the group is backed by a vocal ensemble with a very
spiritual vibe – a chorus who soar out soulfully, and really augment
the jazz instrumentation of the album! The sound is a lot more hip than
the Donald Byrd & Voices albums, and the playing of the core jazz
group is very very soulful – along the lines of Hill's Grass Roots
album, which was also from the same period. The record's similar to the
Max Roach/Billy Harper vocal work around the same time, and titles
include "Ghetto Lights", "Hey Hey", "Two Lullabies", and "Love Chant".
CD reissue features 6 unissued bonus tracks, including "Blue Spark",
"Drew's Tune", "Mother Mercy", "Natural Spirit", and "Such It Is".
///////
Reedición.
Presenta el formato SHM-CD de alta fidelidad (compatible con un
reproductor de CD estándar) y la última remasterización de 24 bits y 192
kHz. Una rara y hermosa sesión de Andrew Hill, y una de las entradas
clásicas de Blue Note en el sonido de "jazz y voces" en el que el sello
fue pionero con Donald Byrd y Eddie Gale. Hill lidera un grupo de jazz
que incluye a Woody Shaw en la trompeta, Carlos Garnett en el tenor,
Richard Davis en el bajo y Freddie Waits en la batería, y el grupo está
respaldado por un conjunto vocal con un ambiente muy espiritual, un coro
que se eleva con alma y realmente aumenta la instrumentación de jazz
del álbum. El sonido es mucho más moderno que el de los álbumes de
Donald Byrd & Voices, y la forma de tocar del grupo principal de
jazz es muy, muy conmovedora, en la línea del álbum Grass Roots de Hill,
que también era de la misma época. El disco es similar al trabajo vocal
de Max Roach/Billy Harper de la misma época, y los títulos incluyen
"Ghetto Lights", "Hey Hey", "Two Lullabies" y "Love Chant". La reedición
del CD incluye 6 temas extra inéditos, como "Blue Spark", "Drew's
Tune", "Mother Mercy", "Natural Spirit" y "Such It Is".
Colaborador / Contributor: Pierre
Review by Ronnie D. Lankford, Jr.
Straight
No Filter finds tenor Hank Mobley in several settings from the
mid-'60s, each of them excellent. The overall roster is quite
impressive, starting with the first set which features trumpeter Lee
Morgan, pianist McCoy Tyner, bassist Bob Cranshaw, and drummer Billy
Higgins. The upbeat title cut is given a loose, post-bop feel by Tyner's
comping, but things are brought back to earth by Mobley's emotional
playing. A number of exchanges between Morgan and Mobley's horns give
the piece an effective ending. "Chain Reaction" gives this group nearly
11 minutes to stretch things out, while "Soft Impressions" features a
heavy blues groove. A couple of other standouts on this album -- "This
Feelin's Good" and "Yes Indeed" -- feature trumpeter Donald Byrd,
pianist Herbie Hancock, bassist Butch Warren, and drummer Philly Joe
Jones. Hancock provides a distinctive backdrop for Mobley and Morgan's
solos while turning in some fine work himself. Mobley shines on Sy
Oliver's "Yes Indeed," delivering a soulful solo, shot through with the
blues. His playing throughout Straight No Filter is warm, accessible,
and inventive, and it is instructive to have these sessions side by
side, giving the listener a chance to compare Mobley's work in different
settings. It should be mentioned that he penned eight out of the nine
of these fine compositions. Bob Blumenthal's liner notes are helpful,
breaking down the individual sessions and providing a good overview of
Mobley's career. Straight No Filter will be welcomed by Mobley's fans
and lovers of hard bop. It shouldn't be missed.
https://www.allmusic.com/album/straight-no-filter-mw0000112263
///////
Reseña por Ronnie D. Lankford, Jr.
Straight
No Filter encuentra al tenor Hank Mobley en varios escenarios de
mediados de los 60, cada uno de ellos excelente. La lista general es
bastante impresionante, comenzando con el primer set que presenta al
trompetista Lee Morgan, el pianista McCoy Tyner, el bajista Bob Cranshaw
y el baterista Billy Higgins. El corte optimista del título recibe una
sensación suelta y post-bop por la composición de Tyner, pero las cosas
vuelven a la tierra por la interpretación emocional de Mobley. Una serie
de intercambios entre los cuernos de Morgan y Mobley le dan a la pieza
un final efectivo. "Chain Reaction" le da a este grupo casi 11 minutos
para estirar las cosas, mientras que "Soft Impressions" presenta un
ritmo de blues pesado. Un par de otros destacados en este álbum," This
Feelin's Good "y" Yes Indeed", cuentan con el trompetista Donald Byrd,
el pianista Herbie Hancock, el bajista Butch Warren y el baterista
Philly Joe Jones. Hancock proporciona un telón de fondo distintivo para
los solos de Mobley y Morgan mientras entrega un buen trabajo él mismo.
Mobley brilla en " Yes Indeed "de Sy Oliver, entregando un solo
conmovedor, atravesado por el blues. Su interpretación en Straight No
Filter es cálida, accesible e inventiva, y es instructivo tener estas
sesiones una al lado de la otra, dando al oyente la oportunidad de
comparar el trabajo de Mobley en diferentes entornos. Cabe mencionar que
escribió ocho de las nueve de estas bellas composiciones. Las notas de
Bob Blumenthal son útiles, desglosan las sesiones individuales y brindan
una buena visión general de la carrera de Mobley. Straight No Filter
será bienvenido por los fanáticos y amantes del hard bop de Mobley. No
debe perderse.
https://www.allmusic.com/album/straight-no-filter-mw0000112263
Ray Charles, Cannonball Adderley, Sonny Stitt, Gene Ammons, Roy Ayers, Donald Byrd, Stanley Turrentine, Horace Silver, Grant Green, Hank Mobley, George Benson, Jimmy Smith, Kenny Burrell, Jimmy McGriff, Ray Bryant, Lee Morgan.
Review
by Michael G. Nastos
Into
the third year of utilizing late-'20s superstars trumpeter Lee Morgan
and tenor saxophonist Wayne Shorter on the front line, Art Blakey's Jazz
Messengers were showing a progressive compositional stance, mostly due
to the emerging creativity of Shorter's sharply off-minor ideas. Pianist
Bobby Timmons, a peer of the front liners, is swimming somewhere in the
middle of this stylistic lake, exhibiting soulful backstrokes,
straight-ahead sprinting, and the angular chordal complexities or sudden
changes any potpourri of modernities might offer. Faithful bassist
Jymie Merritt, no young pup at the time (seven years Blakey's junior) is
solid, unspectacular, and right where this band of stars needed him to
be. Writing chores continue to be split evenly between the horn players,
but Shorter's pieces are distinct with a difference. "Those Who Sit and
Wait" is a classic hard bop line with opposing non-sequitur
melody/harmony cross sections, while "Joelle" sports two piano chords
from Timmons leading to unusual phrasings, but still in a hard bop
stance. Morgan contributes the title track and an alternate take with
its typical and reliable hard bop shuffle buoying quirky horn and piano
exchanges, and the spectacular "Afrique" with a 6/8 modal, choppy clave
Latin beat merging to easy swing from the heavy tenor of Shorter -- the
best of three worlds. Timmons contributes "A Little Busy" which is not
far removed from the soul-jazz he is known for, a fun and funky groove
biscuit where the pianist is truly in his element. "Lost & Found,"
penned by Clifford Jordan, showcases the straight-ahead signature sound
the Jazz Messengers mined for decades -- upbeat, happy and tight.
Whether this was or was not the pinnacle for this great band is still up
for debate, but it assuredly ranks with Blakey's personal best aside
from the popular album Moanin' of the same time frame.
https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-witch-doctor-mw0000671831
///////
Reseña
por Michael G. Nastos
En
el tercer año de utilización de las superestrellas de finales de los
años 20, el trompetista Lee Morgan y el saxofonista tenor Wayne Shorter
en la primera línea, los Jazz Messengers de Art Blakey mostraban una
postura compositiva progresiva, sobre todo debido a la creatividad
emergente de las agudas ideas de Shorter. El pianista Bobby Timmons,
coetáneo de los front liners, nada en algún punto intermedio de este
lago estilístico, exhibiendo conmovedores golpes traseros, sprint
rectilíneo y las angulosas complejidades acordales o cambios repentinos
que cualquier popurrí de modernidades podría ofrecer. El fiel bajista
Jymie Merritt, que no era un cachorro en aquel momento (siete años menor
que Blakey), es sólido, nada espectacular, y justo donde esta banda de
estrellas necesitaba que estuviera. Las tareas de composición siguen
repartiéndose a partes iguales entre los trompetistas, pero las piezas
de Shorter son distintas. "Those Who Sit and Wait" es una línea clásica
de hard bop con secciones cruzadas de melodía/armonía opuestas no
secuenciadas, mientras que "Joelle" presenta dos acordes de piano de
Timmons que conducen a frases inusuales, pero todavía en una postura de
hard bop. Morgan contribuye con el tema que da título al disco y con una
toma alternativa con su típico y fiable shuffle hard bop que anima
extravagantes intercambios de trompa y piano, y la espectacular
"Afrique" con un ritmo 6/8 modal, de clave latina entrecortada que se
funde con el swing fácil del pesado tenor de Shorter: lo mejor de tres
mundos. Timmons contribuye con "A Little Busy", que no se aleja mucho
del soul-jazz por el que es conocido, un divertido y funky groove
biscuit donde el pianista está realmente en su elemento. "Lost &
Found", escrita por Clifford Jordan, muestra el sonido directo y
característico que los Jazz Messengers explotaron durante décadas:
optimista, alegre y ajustado. Todavía se discute si éste fue o no el
punto álgido de esta gran banda, pero sin duda es uno de los mejores
álbumes personales de Blakey, aparte del popular Moanin' de la misma
época.
https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-witch-doctor-mw0000671831
Although Lee Morgan had already made a handful of albums at the age of 19, The Cooker (1957) represents his throwing down the gauntlet as successor to Clifford Brown's vacated throne. It's close to being a pure bebop session, suggestive of a date like For Musicians Only (Verve, 1956), on which Gillespie, Stitt and Getz set some sort of record for NPS (notes per second). At the same time, the precocious trumpeter, already brimming with confidence, is not about to get reckless: he pulls a punch or two, most notably on the opening "Night in Tunisia."
Bebop was a musical language about comparisons, and Morgan was keenly aware of his predecessors. Charlie Parker's incredible four-bar break at the end of the sixteen-bar tag of Gillespie's signature piece on the 1947 Carnegie Hall concert (Diz 'N Bird at Carnegie Hall, Blue Note, 1997) had come to represent the gold standard of jazz improvisation, which Morgan had only begun to approach on his solo performances of the tune with the Gillespie big band (Dizzy Gillespie at Newport, Verve, 1957). And though Clifford Brown's version is equal parts inspired invention and stunning virtuosity (Art Blakey, A Night at Birdland, Vol. 1, Blue Note, 1954), the naked four-bar break is given to Lou Donaldson's alto saxophone, with arguably embarrassing results.
Morgan slyly eludes trouble yet takes the listener by surprise when he omits all but the tag's challenging four bars, which he then "wastes" by simply having bass and drums mark time. The listener's letdown is quickly offset, however, by a blistering trumpet solo starting on the first beat of the main chorus, demonstrating why the rising star chose such a deliberative tempo: almost the entirety of his two-chorus solo is played in double time. As dazzling as his execution is, Morgan has one more deception up his sleeve. On both the earlier Gillespie recording and a later Art Blakey date (A Night in Tunisia, Blue Note, 1960), the trumpeter makes sure he gets his piece said on the A7 altered chord of the tune's cadenza: on this occasion, he takes a complete pass!
The characteristically showy side of Morgan is in evidence on his "Heavy Dipper," an infectious, medium-tempo swinger. Anticipating trademark mannerisms—clipped notes, upward slurs, half-valving, triple-tonguing—his solo is still as flowing as it is playful.
The tempo of "Just One of Those Things" breaks the sound barrier while exposing one of the still-maturing musician's weaknesses: if a turn of phrase sounds good once, certainly playing it a few more times can't be a bad idea. Unfortunately, the effect of these ramped-up, "treadmill" moments can get uncomfortably close to "Carnival of Venice" showpiece territory. The alternate take of the tune proves more musically substantive, though the ballad number—the bebopper's requisite "Lover Man"—does little to advance the newcomer's cause.
Pepper Adams is an unrelenting juggernaut on the date, pushing the leader to rise to each challenge. Bobby Timmons, Paul Chambers and Philly Joe Jones supply all of the heat required for this cooking session, otherwise judiciously staying clear of the head chef, who serves up cuisine likely to impress even the fastidious gourmet.
BY SAMUEL CHELL
January 29, 2007
https://www.allaboutjazz.com/the-cooker-lee-morgan-blue-note-records-review-by-samuel-chell
///////
Aunque Lee Morgan ya había hecho un puñado de álbumes a la edad de 19 años, The Cooker (1957) representa su lanzamiento del guante como sucesor del trono vacante de Clifford Brown. Está cerca de ser una sesión de bebop puro, que sugiere una fecha como For Musicians Only (Verve, 1956), en la que Gillespie, Stitt y Getz establecieron una especie de récord de NPS (notas por segundo). Al mismo tiempo, el precoz trompetista, ya rebosante de confianza, no está a punto de volverse imprudente: da algún que otro golpe, sobre todo en la inicial "Night in Tunisia".
El Bebop era un lenguaje musical de comparaciones, y Morgan era muy consciente de sus predecesores. La increíble pausa de cuatro compases de Charlie Parker al final de los dieciséis compases de la pieza emblemática de Gillespie en el concierto del Carnegie Hall de 1947 (Diz 'N Bird at Carnegie Hall, Blue Note, 1997) había llegado a representar el estándar de oro de la improvisación jazzística, al que Morgan sólo había empezado a acercarse en sus interpretaciones en solitario de la melodía con la big band de Gillespie (Dizzy Gillespie at Newport, Verve, 1957). Y aunque la versión de Clifford Brown es a partes iguales una invención inspirada y un virtuosismo asombroso (Art Blakey, A Night at Birdland, Vol. 1, Blue Note, 1954), la ruptura desnuda de cuatro compases se da al saxo alto de Lou Donaldson, con resultados posiblemente vergonzosos.
Morgan elude astutamente los problemas, pero toma al oyente por sorpresa cuando omite todos los compases excepto los cuatro desafiantes de la etiqueta, que luego "desperdicia" haciendo que el bajo y la batería marquen el tiempo. Sin embargo, la decepción del oyente se ve rápidamente compensada por un contundente solo de trompeta que comienza en el primer tiempo del estribillo principal, lo que demuestra por qué la estrella emergente eligió un tempo tan deliberativo: casi la totalidad de su solo de dos estribillos se toca en doble tiempo. Por muy deslumbrante que sea su ejecución, Morgan se guarda un engaño más en la manga. Tanto en la anterior grabación de Gillespie como en una fecha posterior de Art Blakey (A Night in Tunisia, Blue Note, 1960), el trompetista se asegura de que se diga su pieza en el acorde alterado A7 de la cadencia de la melodía: en esta ocasión, ¡se pasa por completo!
El lado característico de Morgan es evidente en su "Heavy Dipper", un contagioso swinger de medio tiempo. Anticipándose a los manierismos de su marca -notas cortadas, ligados ascendentes, medio valvulismo, triple lengua- su solo sigue siendo tan fluido como juguetón.
El tempo de "Just One of Those Things" rompe la barrera del sonido al mismo tiempo que expone una de las debilidades del músico que aún está madurando: si un giro de frase suena bien una vez, ciertamente tocarlo unas cuantas veces más no puede ser una mala idea. Desgraciadamente, el efecto de estos momentos de aceleración, de "cinta de correr", puede acercarse incómodamente al territorio del espectáculo del "Carnaval de Venecia". La toma alternativa de la melodía resulta más sustanciosa desde el punto de vista musical, aunque el número de la balada -el requisito del bebopper "Lover Man"- hace poco por la causa del recién llegado.
Pepper Adams es una fuerza implacable en la cita, empujando al líder a estar a la altura de cada desafío. Bobby Timmons, Paul Chambers y Philly Joe Jones aportan todo el calor necesario para esta sesión de cocina, y por lo demás se mantienen juiciosamente alejados del jefe de cocina, que sirve una cocina capaz de impresionar incluso al gourmet más exigente.
POR SAMUEL CHELL
29 de enero de 2007
https://www.allaboutjazz.com/the-cooker-lee-morgan-blue-note-records-review-by-samuel-chell
A
cornerstone of the Blue Note label roster prior to his tragic demise,
Lee Morgan was one of hard bop’s greatest trumpeters, and indeed one of
the finest of the ’60s. An all-around master of his instrument modeled
after Clifford Brown, Morgan boasted an effortless, virtuosic technique
and a full, supple, muscular tone that was just as powerful in the high
register. His playing was always emotionally charged, regardless of the
specific mood: cocky and exuberant on up-tempo groovers, blistering on
bop-oriented technical showcases, sweet and sensitive on ballads. In his
early days as a teen prodigy, Morgan was a busy soloist with a taste
for long, graceful lines, and honed his personal style while serving an
apprenticeship in Art Blakey’s Jazz Messengers. As his original
compositions began to take in elements of blues and R&B, he made
greater use of space and developed an infectiously funky rhythmic sense.
He also found ways to mimic human vocal inflections by stuttering,
slurring his articulations, and employing half-valved sound effects.
Toward the end of his career, Morgan was increasingly moving into modal
music and free bop, hinting at the avant-garde but remaining grounded in
tradition. He had already overcome a severe drug addiction, but sadly,
he would not live to continue his musical growth; he was shot to death
by his common-law wife in 1972.
Blue TrainEdward Lee Morgan was
born in Philadelphia on July 10, 1938. He grew up a jazz lover, and his
sister apparently gave him his first trumpet at age 14. He took private
lessons, developing rapidly, and continued his studies at Mastbaum High
School. By the time he was 15, he was already performing professionally
on the weekends, co-leading a group with bassist Spanky DeBrest. Morgan
also participated in weekly workshops that gave him the chance to meet
the likes of Miles Davis, Dizzy Gillespie, and his idol Clifford Brown.
After graduating from high school in 1956, Morgan — along with DeBrest —
got the chance to perform with Art Blakey’s Jazz Messengers when they
swung through Philadelphia. Not long after, Dizzy Gillespie hired Morgan
to replace Joe Gordon in his big band, and afforded the talented
youngster plenty of opportunities to solo, often spotlighting him on the
Gillespie signature piece “A Night in Tunisia.” Clifford Brown’s death
in a car crash in June 1956 sparked a search for his heir apparent, and
the precocious Morgan seemed a likely candidate to many; accordingly, he
soon found himself in great demand as a recording artist. His first
session as a leader was cut for Blue Note in November 1956, and over the
next few months he recorded for Savoy and Specialty as well, often
working closely with Hank Mobley or Benny Golson. Later in 1957, he
performed as a sideman on John Coltrane’s classic Blue Train, as well as
with Jimmy Smith.
CandyMorgan’s early sessions showed him to be a
gifted technician who had his influences down pat, but subsequent dates
found him coming into his own as a distinctive, original stylist. That
was most apparent on the Blue Note classic Candy, a warm standards album
completed in 1958 and released to great acclaim. Still only 19,
Morgan’s playing was still imbued with youthful enthusiasm, but he was
also synthesizing his influences into an original sound of his own. Also
in 1958, Gillespie’s big band broke up, and Morgan soon joined the
third version of Art Blakey’s Jazz Messengers, which debuted on the
classic Moanin’ album later that year. As a leader, Morgan recorded a
pair of albums for Vee Jay in 1960, Here’s Lee Morgan and Expoobident,
and cut another for Blue Note that year, Leeway, with backing by many of
the Jazz Messengers. None managed to measure up to Candy, and Morgan,
grappling with heroin addiction, wound up leaving the Jazz Messengers in
1961. He returned to his hometown of Philadelphia to kick the habit,
and spent most of the next two years away from music, working
occasionally with saxophonist Jimmy Heath on a local basis. His
replacement in the Jazz Messengers was Freddie Hubbard, who would also
become one of the top hard bop trumpeters of the ’60s.
EvolutionMorgan
returned to New York in late 1963, and recorded with Blue Note
avant-gardist Grachan Moncur on the trombonist’s debut Evolution. He
then recorded a comeback LP for Blue Note called The Sidewinder,
prominently featuring the up-and-coming Joe Henderson. The
Morgan-composed title track was a funky, danceable groover that drew
from soul-jazz, Latin boogaloo, blues, and R&B in addition to
Morgan’s trademark hard bop. It was rather unlike anything else he’d
cut, and it became a left-field hit in 1964; edited down to a 45 rpm
single, it inched onto the lower reaches of the pop charts, and was
licensed for use in a high-profile automobile ad campaign. Its success
helped push The Sidewinder into the Top 25 of the pop LP charts, and the
Top Ten on the R&B listing. Sales were brisk enough to revive the
financially struggling Blue Note label, and likely kept it from
bankruptcy; it also led to numerous “Sidewinder”-style grooves popping
up on other Blue Note artists’ albums. By the time “The Sidewinder”
became a phenomenon, Morgan had rejoined the Jazz Messengers, where he
would remain until 1965; there he solidified a long-standing partnership
with saxophonist Wayne Shorter.
Search for the New LandMorgan
followed the most crucial recording of his career with the excellent,
more abstract Search for the New Land, which was cut in early 1964,
before “The Sidewinder” hit. An advanced modal bop session called Tom
Cat was also recorded shortly thereafter, but both were shelved in hopes
of scoring another “Sidewinder.” Accordingly, Morgan re-entered the
studio in early 1965 to cut The Rumproller, whose Andrew Hill-penned
title cut worked territory that was highly similar to Morgan’s breakout
hit. Commercial lightning didn’t strike twice, but Morgan continued to
record prolifically through 1965, cutting excellent sessions like The
Gigolo, Cornbread, and the unissued Infinity. The Gigolo introduced one
of Morgan’s best-known originals, the bluesy “Speedball,” while the
classic Cornbread featured his ballad masterpiece “Ceora.” Search for
the New Land was finally issued in 1966, and it achieved highly
respectable sales, reaching the Top 20 of the R&B album charts; both
Cornbread and The Gigolo would sell well among jazz audiences when they
were released in 1967 and 1968, respectively.
DelightfuleeBy the
time Morgan completed those albums, he had left the Jazz Messengers to
begin leading his own groups outside the studio. He was also appearing
frequently as a sideman on other Blue Note releases, working most often
with tenorman Hank Mobley. Morgan was extraordinarily prolific over
1966-1968, cutting around eight albums’ worth of material (though not
all of it was released at the time). Highlights included Delightfulee,
The Procrastinator, and the decent-selling Caramba!, which nearly made
the Top 40 of the R&B album chart. His compositions were
increasingly modal and free-form, stretching the boundaries of hard bop;
however, his funkier instincts were still evident as well, shifting
gradually from boogaloo to early electrified fusion. Morgan’s recording
pace tailed off at the end of the ’60s, but he continued to tour with a
regular working group that prominently featured saxophonist Bennie
Maupin. This band’s lengthy modal explorations were documented on the
double LP Live at the Lighthouse, recorded in Los Angeles in July 1970;
it was later reissued as a three-CD set with a generous amount of extra
material.
Morgan led what turned out to be the last session of
his life in September 1971. On February 19, 1972, Morgan was performing
at the New York club Slug’s when he was shot and killed by his
common-law wife, Helen More. Accounts of exactly what happened vary;
whether they argued over drugs or Morgan’s fidelity, whether she shot
him outside the club or up on the bandstand in front of the audience,
jazz lost a major talent. Despite his extensive recorded legacy, Morgan
was only 33 years old. Many of his unreleased Blue Note sessions began
to appear in the early ’80s, and his critical standing has hardly
diminished a whit. ~ Steve Huey
/////////
Piedra
angular de la lista del sello Blue Note antes de su trágica
desaparición, Lee Morgan fue uno de los mejores trompetistas del hard
bop, y de hecho uno de los mejores de los años 60. Un maestro de su
instrumento, inspirado en Clifford Brown, Morgan poseía una técnica
virtuosa sin esfuerzo y un tono completo, flexible y musculoso que era
igual de poderoso en el registro alto. Su forma de tocar siempre estaba
cargada de emoción, independientemente del estado de ánimo: arrogante y
exuberante en los ritmos rápidos, explosivo en las exhibiciones técnicas
orientadas al bop, dulce y sensible en las baladas. En sus primeros
días como adolescente prodigio, Morgan era un solista muy ocupado con un
gusto por las líneas largas y elegantes, y perfeccionó su estilo
personal mientras era aprendiz de los Jazz Messengers de Art Blakey.
Cuando sus composiciones originales empezaron a incorporar elementos de
blues y R&B, hizo un mayor uso del espacio y desarrolló un sentido
rítmico contagiosamente funky. También encontró formas de imitar las
inflexiones vocales humanas tartamudeando, arrastrando las
articulaciones y empleando efectos sonoros a medias. Hacia el final de
su carrera, Morgan se adentraba cada vez más en la música modal y el
free bop, insinuando la vanguardia pero manteniéndose en la tradición.
Ya había superado una grave adicción a las drogas, pero lamentablemente
no viviría para continuar su crecimiento musical; fue asesinado a tiros
por su pareja de hecho en 1972.
Blue TrainEdward Lee Morgan nació
en Filadelfia el 10 de julio de 1938. Creció como un amante del jazz y,
al parecer, su hermana le regaló su primera trompeta a los 14 años.
Tomó clases particulares, desarrollándose rápidamente, y continuó sus
estudios en el Mastbaum High School. A los 15 años, ya actuaba
profesionalmente los fines de semana, codirigiendo un grupo con el
bajista Spanky DeBrest. Morgan también participó en talleres semanales
que le dieron la oportunidad de conocer a gente como Miles Davis, Dizzy
Gillespie y su ídolo Clifford Brown. Tras graduarse en el instituto en
1956, Morgan -junto con DeBrest- tuvo la oportunidad de actuar con los
Jazz Messengers de Art Blakey cuando éstos pasaron por Filadelfia. Poco
después, Dizzy Gillespie contrató a Morgan para que sustituyera a Joe
Gordon en su big band, y concedió al joven talento muchas oportunidades
para actuar como solista, destacando a menudo en la pieza emblemática de
Gillespie "A Night in Tunisia". La muerte de Clifford Brown en un
accidente de coche en junio de 1956 provocó la búsqueda de su heredero, y
el precoz Morgan parecía un candidato probable para muchos; en
consecuencia, pronto se encontró con una gran demanda como artista de
grabación. Su primera sesión como líder fue grabada para Blue Note en
noviembre de 1956, y en los meses siguientes grabó también para Savoy y
Specialty, a menudo trabajando estrechamente con Hank Mobley o Benny
Golson. Más tarde, en 1957, actuó como acompañante en el clásico Blue
Train de John Coltrane, así como con Jimmy Smith.
Las primeras
sesiones de CandyMorgan mostraban que era un técnico dotado que tenía
sus influencias bien definidas, pero en las fechas posteriores se le vio
como un estilista distintivo y original. Esto fue más evidente en el
clásico de Blue Note Candy, un cálido álbum de estándares completado en
1958 y publicado con gran éxito. Con sólo 19 años, Morgan seguía tocando
con entusiasmo juvenil, pero también sintetizaba sus influencias en un
sonido propio y original. También en 1958, la big band de Gillespie se
disolvió, y Morgan pronto se unió a la tercera versión de los Jazz
Messengers de Art Blakey, que debutó en el clásico álbum Moanin' ese
mismo año. Como líder, Morgan grabó un par de álbumes para Vee Jay en
1960, Here's Lee Morgan y Expoobident, y grabó otro para Blue Note ese
año, Leeway, con el apoyo de muchos de los Jazz Messengers. Ninguno
consiguió estar a la altura de Candy, y Morgan, luchando contra la
adicción a la heroína, acabó dejando los Jazz Messengers en 1961.
Regresó a su ciudad natal, Filadelfia, para dejar el hábito, y pasó la
mayor parte de los dos años siguientes alejado de la música, trabajando
ocasionalmente con el saxofonista Jimmy Heath a nivel local. Su
sustituto en los Jazz Messengers fue Freddie Hubbard, que también se
convertiría en uno de los mejores trompetistas de hard bop de los años
60.
Morgan
regresó a Nueva York a finales de 1963 y grabó con el vanguardista de
Blue Note Grachan Moncur en el debut del trombonista, Evolution. A
continuación, grabó un LP de regreso para Blue Note llamado The
Sidewinder, en el que participó de forma destacada el prometedor Joe
Henderson. La canción que da título al disco, compuesta por Morgan, era
un tema funky y bailable que se inspiraba en el soul-jazz, el boogaloo
latino, el blues y el R&B, además del hard bop característico de
Morgan. No se parecía a nada de lo que había grabado, y se convirtió en
un éxito de la izquierda en 1964; editada en un single de 45 rpm, se
coló en los primeros puestos de las listas de éxitos del pop, y se
autorizó su uso en una campaña publicitaria de automóviles de alto
nivel. Su éxito ayudó a situar a The Sidewinder en el Top 25 de las
listas de LPs de pop y en el Top Ten de la lista de R&B. Las ventas
fueron lo suficientemente rápidas como para revivir el sello Blue Note,
que se encontraba en dificultades financieras, y probablemente lo
alejaron de la bancarrota; también hizo que aparecieran numerosos temas
al estilo de "Sidewinder" en los álbumes de otros artistas de Blue Note.
Para cuando "The Sidewinder" se convirtió en un fenómeno, Morgan se
había unido a los Jazz Messengers, donde permanecería hasta 1965; allí
consolidó una larga asociación con el saxofonista Wayne Shorter.
Search
for the New LandMorgan realizó la grabación más importante de su
carrera con el excelente y más abstracto Search for the New Land, que se
grabó a principios de 1964, antes de que llegara "The Sidewinder". Poco
después también se grabó una sesión de bop modal avanzado llamada Tom
Cat, pero ambas fueron archivadas con la esperanza de conseguir otro
"Sidewinder". En consecuencia, Morgan volvió a entrar en el estudio a
principios de 1965 para grabar "The Rumproller", cuyo corte principal,
escrito por Andrew Hill, trabajaba en un terreno muy similar al del
éxito de Morgan. Los relámpagos comerciales no cayeron dos veces, pero
Morgan continuó grabando prolíficamente a lo largo de 1965, grabando
excelentes sesiones como The Gigolo, Cornbread y la inédita Infinity.
The Gigolo introdujo uno de los originales más conocidos de Morgan, el
blues "Speedball", mientras que el clásico Cornbread presentaba su obra
maestra de balada "Ceora". Search for the New Land se publicó finalmente
en 1966, y alcanzó unas ventas muy respetables, llegando al Top 20 de
las listas de álbumes de R&B; tanto Cornbread como The Gigolo se
venderían bien entre el público de jazz cuando se publicaron en 1967 y
1968, respectivamente.
DelightfuleePara cuando Morgan completó
esos álbumes, había dejado los Jazz Messengers para empezar a liderar
sus propios grupos fuera del estudio. También aparecía con frecuencia
como acompañante en otros discos de Blue Note, trabajando sobre todo con
el tenor Hank Mobley. Morgan fue extraordinariamente prolífico durante
1966-1968, grabando alrededor de ocho álbumes (aunque no todos fueron
publicados en su momento). Entre los más destacados se encuentran
Delightfulee, The Procrastinator y el decente Caramba!, que estuvo a
punto de entrar en el Top 40 de la lista de álbumes de R&B. Sus
composiciones eran cada vez más modales y libres, ampliando los límites
del hard bop; sin embargo, sus instintos más funkies seguían siendo
evidentes, pasando gradualmente del boogaloo a la primera fusión
electrificada. El ritmo de grabación de Morgan disminuyó a finales de
los años 60, pero siguió haciendo giras con un grupo de trabajo regular
en el que destacaba el saxofonista Bennie Maupin. Las largas
exploraciones modales de esta banda quedaron documentadas en el doble LP
Live at the Lighthouse, grabado en Los Ángeles en julio de 1970;
posteriormente se reeditó como un conjunto de tres CD con una generosa
cantidad de material extra.
Morgan dirigió la que resultó ser la
última sesión de su vida en septiembre de 1971. El 19 de febrero de
1972, Morgan estaba actuando en el club neoyorquino Slug's cuando fue
asesinado a tiros por su pareja de hecho, Helen More. Los relatos sobre
lo que ocurrió varían; si discutieron por las drogas o por la fidelidad
de Morgan, si ella le disparó fuera del club o en el quiosco delante del
público, el jazz perdió un gran talento. A pesar de su extenso legado
discográfico, Morgan sólo tenía 33 años. Muchas de sus sesiones inéditas
de Blue Note empezaron a aparecer a principios de los 80, y su
prestigio crítico apenas ha disminuido. ~ Steve Huey
Biography by Chris Kelsey
In
the '60s, when John Coltrane and Ornette Coleman were defining the
concept of a jazz avant-garde, few knowledgeable observers would have
guessed that in another 30 years the music's mainstream would virtually
bypass their innovations, in favor of the hard bop style that free jazz
had apparently supplanted. As it turned out, many listeners who had come
to love jazz as a sophisticated manifestation of popular music were
unable to accept the extreme esotericism of the avant-garde; their
tastes were rooted in the core elements of "swing" and "blues,"
characteristics found in abundance in the music of the Jazz Messengers,
the quintessential hard bop ensemble led by drummer Art Blakey. In the
'60s, '70s, and '80s, when artists on the cutting edge were attempting
to transform the music, Blakey continued to play in more or less the
same bag he had since the '40s, when his cohorts included the likes of
Charlie Parker, Miles Davis, and Fats Navarro. By the '80s, the evolving
mainstream consensus had reached a point of overwhelming approval in
regard to hard bop: this is what jazz is, and Art Blakey -- as its
longest-lived and most eloquent exponent -- was its master.
The
Jazz Messengers had always been an incubator for young talent. A list of
the band's alumni is a who's who of straight-ahead jazz from the '50s
on -- Lee Morgan, Wayne Shorter, Freddie Hubbard, Johnny Griffin, Jackie
McLean, Donald Byrd, Bobby Timmons, Cedar Walton, Benny Golson, Joanne
Brackeen, Billy Harper, Valery Ponomarev, Bill Pierce, Branford
Marsalis, James Williams, Keith Jarrett, and Chuck Mangione, to name
several of the most well-known. In the '80s, precocious graduates of
Blakey's School for Swing would continue to number among jazz's movers
and shakers, foremost among them being trumpeter Wynton Marsalis.
Marsalis became the most visible symbol of the '80s jazz mainstream;
through him, Blakey's conservative ideals came to dominate the public's
perception of the music. At the time of his death in 1990, the Messenger
aesthetic dominated jazz, and Blakey himself had arguably become the
most influential jazz musician of the past 20 years.
Blakey's
first musical education came in the form of piano lessons; he was
playing professionally as a seventh grader, leading his own commercial
band. He switched to drums shortly thereafter, learning to play in the
hard-swinging style of Chick Webb and Sid Catlett. In 1942, he played
with pianist Mary Lou Williams in New York. He toured the South with
Fletcher Henderson's band in 1943-1944. From there, he briefly led a
Boston-based big band before joining Billy Eckstine's new group, with
which he would remain from 1944-1947. Eckstine's big band was the famous
"cradle of modern jazz," and included (at different times) such major
figures of the forthcoming bebop revolution as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles
Davis, and Charlie Parker. When Eckstine's group disbanded, Blakey
started a rehearsal ensemble called the Seventeen Messengers. He also
recorded with an octet, the first of his bands to be called the Jazz
Messengers. In the early '50s, Blakey began an association with Horace
Silver, a particularly likeminded pianist with whom he recorded several
times. In 1955, they formed a group with Hank Mobley and Kenny Dorham,
calling themselves "Horace Silver and the Jazz Messengers." The
Messengers typified the growing hard bop movement -- hard, funky, and
bluesy, the band emphasized the music's primal rhythmic and harmonic
essence. A year later, Silver left the band, and Blakey became its
leader. From that point, the Messengers were Blakey's primary vehicle,
though he would continue to freelance in various contexts. Notable was A
Jazz Message, a 1963 Impulse record date with McCoy Tyner, Sonny Stitt,
and Art Davis; a 1971-1972 world tour with "the Giants of Jazz," an
all-star venture with Thelonious Monk, Dizzy Gillespie, Sonny Stitt, and
Al McKibbon; and an epochal drum battle with Max Roach, Elvin Jones,
and Buddy Rich at the 1964 Newport Jazz Festival. Blakey also frequently
recorded as a sideman under the leadership of ex-Messengers.
Blakey's
influence as a bandleader could not have been nearly so great had he
not been such a skilled instrumentalist. No drummer ever drove a band
harder; none could generate more sheer momentum in the course of a tune;
and probably no drummer had a lower boiling point -- Blakey started
every performance full-bore and went from there. His accompaniment style
was relentless, and woe to the young saxophonist who couldn't keep up,
for Blakey would run him over like a fullback. Blakey differed from
other bop drummers in that his style was almost wholly about the music's
physical attributes. Where his contemporary Max Roach dealt extensively
with the drummer's relationship to melody and timbre, for example,
Blakey showed little interest in such matters. To him, jazz percussion
wasn't about tone color; it was about rhythm -- first, last, and in
between. Blakey's drum set was the engine that propelled the music. To
the extent that he exhibited little conceptual development over the
course of his long career, either as a player or as a bandleader, Blakey
was limited. He was no visionary by any means. But Blakey did one thing
exceedingly well, and he did it with genius, spirit, and generosity
until the very end of his life.
https://www.allmusic.com/artist/art-blakey-mn0000928942#biography
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